Is The Social Environment Influence Type 2 Diabetes

Studies have shown that the social and built environment can play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes and self-care behaviors (Christine et al., 2015; Gebreab et al., 2017; Pasala, Rao, Sridhar, 2010; Sidawi Al-Hariri, 2012; Smalls, Gregory, Zoller, Egede, 2014; Winkleby Cubbin, 2003). Social environment includes factors such as safety, violence, social disorder, social cohesion, and collective efficacy of the neighborhood (National Research Council (US) et al., 2013). Whereas, the built environment can be defined as â€Å"environments that are modified by humans, including homes, schools, workplaces, highways, urban sprawls, accessibility to amenities, leisure, and pollution† (Pasala et al., 2010, p. 63). Studies†¦show more content†¦Another cross-sectional study by Gary et al. (2008) explored whether perceived neighborhood problems (e.g., crime, access to exercise facilities, access to public transportation, trash and litter, lighting at nigh t, and access to nearby supermarket) were associated with health outcomes and behaviors among diabetic patients. The findings from this study depicted that more neighborhood problems were reported by individuals who lived in neighborhoods with higher poverty rates (33%) as compared to those who lived in neighborhoods with lower poverty rates (16%) (Gary et al., 2008). This study also found that individuals who reported more neighborhood problems were significantly more likely to smoke (15%) and had poorer control of blood pressure (25% 130/80 mmHg) in comparison to individuals who reported fewer neighborhood problems (Gary et al., 2008). Additional studies have provided evidence to support the notion that the built and social environment do have significant influence on the development of type 2 diabetes. For example, a population-based cohort study by Gebreab et al. (2017) examined the associations between neighborhood social and physical environments [(e.g., social cohesion, avai lability of favorable food stores (grocery stores, fruit and vegetable markets, and supermarket chains and non-chain stores), unfavorable food stores (convenience stores, liquorShow MoreRelatedIs Diabetes A Common Disease?1358 Words   |  6 Pagesdisease that we mostly discuss that causes illness to people’s health in our society is diabetes. It is believed that 50 percent of people living in Canada have been determined to have diabetes. Diabetes is a common disease that mostly occurs with people who are in old age along with specific group of individuals. Healthcare experts are trying to find ways to improve the healthcare of individuals with diabetes by anticipating ways by providing preventing and treatment measures for patients with thisRead MoreEssay about High Prices of Healthy Foods Prevents Control of Diabetes1247 Words   |  5 PagesMost of the individuals living with Type 2 Diabetes in these low income areas know they have to eat healthier foods in order to con trol the illness and reduce the risk of getting worse, but they are often confounded by the distance they had to travel in order to buy the healthier foods from the health market, unaffordable prices of buying a healthier nutritious food, and the means of travel to get to the market. Chaufan, Davis, Constantino (2011), noted that disproportionate risk is caused by livingRead MorePrevention Of Diabetes And Pre Diabetes Essay1604 Words   |  7 Pages Type II diabetes is a disease that affects millions of people in the United States and is also a disease that is continually growing in numbers. The cost of the individual and national health care systems is also a number that is growing. Policy for prevention of diabetes and pre-diabetes is something that while has changed some in the past, has been basically the same for the past 20-25 yeas. This disease affects many throughout the country, but effects those in the middle and lowerRead MorePrevention Of Type II Diabetes Policy Gap Analysis Essay1576 Words   |  7 Pagesalso a disease that is continually growing in numbers. The cost on the individual and national health care systems is also a number that is growing. Policy for prevention of diabetes and pre-diabetes is something that while has changed some in the past, has been basically the same for the past 20-25 yeas. This disease effects many throughout the country but effects those in the middle and lower classes due to the cost of eating healthier being greater than the alternative and also due to the factRead MoreIs Accounting For Ethnological And Structural Factors1313 Words   |  6 Pagestreatment of diabetes, including in Randomized Controlled Trials, and informs the â€Å"recognition of factors at the individual, provider, and health care system levels,† when providing diabetes care (Glanz, 2008, p. 426). The main purpose of the PRECEDE-PROCEED theoretical framework is to provide a framework for applying theories and concepts systematically in order to better plan and evaluate health behavior change projects (Glanz, 2008). The generalized steps of PRECEDE-PROCEED are: social assessmentRead MoreRelationship between Genetic Suceptibility, Obesity, and the Development of Type 2 Diabetes1133 Words   |  5 PagesTYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) This type of diabetes commonly occurs in the later stage of life but due to increase in obesity; it also occurs in young adult. Type 2 diabetes can be defined as insulin resistant and insulin deficiency in the blood stream. OBESITY Obesity can be defined as been overweight with excess accumulated body fat by subcutaneously and viscerally; resulting in a high body mass index (BMI) which has negative effects on health (Taylor et al, 2010). BMI is defined by dividingRead MoreInside Type 2 Diabetes Essay1735 Words   |  7 PagesType 2 diabetes is a very serious disease with many life threatening consequences, but if it is manage properly through preventative measures, diabetics can live a normal life. According to (Diabetes UK 2008) Type 2 diabetes can remain undetected for ten years or more and 50 per cent of people show signs of complications when diagnosed. It is therefore the responsibility of the individuals and the government to prevent the disease from developing. A lot of people do not realise that their weightRead MoreA Program For Encourage Diabetes Management And Prevention1454 Words   |  6 Pages Aisha Hanif Introduction St. John’s Well Child in Los Angeles has created a program to encourage Diabetes management and prevention. The program, established in 2008, aims to help patients manage their diabetes through weekly classes, educating them on maintaining healthy diets, self-regulating their blood sugar levels and creating daily exercise routines. The program at St. John’s follows many constructs of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), a model that uses various stages and processes ofRead MoreNursing and Evidence Based Practice Essay861 Words   |  4 PagesStudies. The paper followed the research process and employed a qualitative phenomenological paradigm that explored the lived experience of thirty-two Swedish teenagers with type 1 diabetes who were transferring to independent self-care. The selected sample was 56% female, with an age range of five years, a wide range of diabetes duration (1-14 years) and varied extent of glycaemic control; illustrating a heterogeneous sample was recruited. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to generate data.Read MoreDiabetes : Symptoms And Treatment Of Diabetes1058 Words   |  5 PagesHector Bustillos June 21, 2015 FCS 247- Nutrition Diabetes As young kids we learn from our family environment self-care behaviors, including diet and physical activity. As of 2014, there are 29.1 million people in the world that are diagnosed with diabetes. (2014 National Diabetes Statistics Report) Diabetes is a disease that affects how your body produces insulin, which then affects your blood sugar. There are two types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is where someone does not produce insulin at all

Google Financial Analysis Free Essays

Google Competitive Strategy: Financial Analsis 5. Have Google’s business model and strategy proven to be successful? Should investors be impressed with the company’s financial performance? How does the company’s financial performance compare to that of Microsoft and Yahoo? Please conduct a financial analysis to support your position—you may wish to use the financial ratios presented in the Table 4. 1 of the text as a guide in doing your financial analysis of the company. We will write a custom essay sample on Google Financial Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Throughout the course of its life thus far as an entity, Google has enjoyed great success as one of the world’s leading search engine giants. Although the company’s operations are extremely diversified, Google has taken strides since its initial offering in 2004 to establish its dominance over competitors in Internet advertising. Google continues to add products, services, and features to its arsenal, which in turn increases traffic to their websites and gives them increased opportunities to advertise. Google’s original stock price on the date of their IPO was $85, fast forward eight years and the stock currently trades at $761. 78. Steps such as the acquisition of YouTube in 2006, the introduction of the Android in 2008, their Google TV initiative, and the continuing development and sophistication of Google Apps, have all contributed to this almost 800% appreciation. While all of these strategic maneuvers have been more than satisfying for investors’ pockets, the bulk of Google’s earnings remain in advertising. In 2009, 96. 8% of Google’s total revenue came from advertising, over half of which were ads outside the United States. It is misleading to compare Google’s stock (GOOG) to that of Microsoft (MSFT) and Yahoo (YHOO) solely on the basis of price, since their prices are exponentially lower than Google’s because investors rely on dividend payouts rather than stock appreciation to provide returns. However, a more accurate depiction of pe rformance can be observed when comparing the stock value of the three firms on a percentage change basis. From January 2006 through December 2010, Google’s stock appreciated 44. 35%. Compare this to Microsoft’s 6. 5%, Yahoo’s -57. 22%, and the SP 500 index’s -0. 86%. This shows that not only did Google significantly outperform its two major competitors; it left the entire SP index in the dust as well. Some other financial measures to consider are return on equity (ROE), earnings per share (EPS), and the current ratio. Return on equity is a measure of the return shareholders are earning on their investment in the company. In 2010 Google reported ROE of 20. 8%, meaning that for every dollar of equity capital, they are earning over 20%. Compare this to Yahoo’s 9. 83% and Microsoft’s 43. 76%. Generally the higher the ROE, the happier the investors are. EPS on the other hand measures the company’s earnings for each share of common stock outstanding. In 2010 Google boasted an EPS of $26. 69, whereas Yahoo and Microsoft reported per-share earning s of $0. 91 and $2. 13 respectively. This large gap can be attributed to the fact that Google has significantly less shares of common stock outstanding than the two competitors. Finally, the current ratio is a measure of the company’s ability to pay short-term obligations with readily available assets. In 2010 Google’s current ratio of 4. 16 nearly doubled that of Yahoo and Microsoft who reported 2. 67 and 2. 13 respectively. This ratio demonstrates Google’s superior liquidity in comparison with its competitors Not only has Google dominated market share in the industry, in 2010 Google was the world’s most-visited Internet site, with close to 147 million views each month. This goes hand in hand with the fact that people â€Å"Google† things when they need an answer, they don’t â€Å"Yahoo† a question or â€Å"Bing† it. Works Cited All historical stock prices, percentages, and figures were provided by Yahoo! Finance. â€Å"AAPL: Summary for Apple Inc. – Yahoo! Finance. † Yahoo! Finance. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. â€Å"GOOG: Summary for Google Inc. – Yahoo! Finance. † Yahoo! Finance. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. â€Å"YHOO: Summary for Yahoo! Inc. – Yahoo! Finance. † Yahoo! Finance. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. How to cite Google Financial Analysis, Papers

Marketing and Maine Media Workshops free essay sample

To discuss administrative issues and general discussion about marketing concepts, study method and coursework with students. Tutorial 2 (Chapter 1) 1. Explain the concept of marketing. What are some common misconceptions about marketing? 2. Describe the significance of the shift from transaction-based marketing to relationship marketing. When does relationship building begin? 3. Define marketing myopia, and describe how a company can overcome a myopic view. Give an example of a successful avoidance of marketing myopia. 4. What is the major distinction between the production era and the sales era? 5. What is utility? Discuss the four types of utility and give example of each. Tutorial 3 (Chapter 2 3) Case study (V-2): Strategic Planning and the Marketing Process at Preserve 1. Do you consider Preserves strategy for the Preserve brand a first mover or second mover strategy? Explain. 2. Perform a SWOT analysis on Preserve. Identify their core competency and their weaknesses in the marketplace. 3. Describe the characteristics of each of the four quadrants in the BCG matrix. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing and Maine Media Workshops or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 4. Why is environmental scanning an important activity for marketers? 5. Why do marketers monitor the technological environment? Tutorial 4 (Chapter 5 8) 1. Describe a purchase that a consumer might make that would reflect his or her status within a particular group. If that person’s status increased, how might the purchase selection change? 2. What are the four role categories that describe each spouse in a household? Which role has changed the most in recent years, and why? 3. Who is opinion leader? Why are they important to marketers, and how has the Internet affected the power of opinion leaders? 4. Define marketing research and provide an example. 5. What are primary and secondary data? Discuss how observation, personal interviews and focus group are used to obtain data. Tutorial 5 (Chapter 6 9) Case Study (V-9): Targeting and Positioning at Numi Tea 1. Which of the four common bases for segmenting consumer markets does Numi use to divide up the overall market tea products? 2. Would you classify Numi Teas marketing strategy as concentrated? If so, what are the plusses and minuses of using such a strategy in todays market? 3. For what reasons might a firm choose an option other than making a good or service in-house? Why is outsourcing on the rise? How is offshoring different from outsourcing? 4. Why are there more steps in the organizational buying process than in the consumer buying process? Explain why feedback between buyers and sellers is important to the marketing relationship. 5. Give an example of a straight rebuy and a modified rebuy. Why is new-task buying more complex than the first two buying situations? Tutorial 6 (Chapter 11) 1. List the six characteristics that distinguish services from goods. 2. What are the differences between consumer products and B2B products? Describe a product that could be used as both. . How do firms use benchmarking? 4. What steps do marketers take to make the introductory stage of the product life cycle successful enough to reach the growth stage? What are some of the challenges they face? 5. Describe the different product development strategies. Tutorial 7 (Chapter 12) Case Study (V-12): Developing and Managing Brand and Product Categories at Maine Media Workshops 1. What are the main elements of the Maine Media Workshops brand equity? Analyze the workshops brand equity using the Young Rubicam dimensions of brand personality. 2. Would you consider the Maine Media College an extension of the Maine Media Workshops brand, or a new product development strategy—or both? Explain. 3. How can the Maine Media Workshops benefit from consumers brand recognition, preference, and insistence with companies such as Canon? Can Canon benefit from the association with the Workshops? 4. What are the three stages marketers use to measure brand loyalty? 5. Why is brand equity so important to companies? What are the characteristics of an effective brand name? 6. Discuss the steps in the new product development process. Tutorial 8 (Chapter 18) . What are the practical problems in applying price theory concepts to actual pricing decisions? 2. Identify each factor influencing elasticity and give a specific example of how it affects the degree of elasticity in a good or service. 3. Give an example of each of the major categories of pricing objectives. 4. Discuss the elements of breakeven analysis. Tutorial 9 (Chapter 19) 1. Wh at is the difference between a skimming price strategy and a penetration pricing strategy? Under what circumstances is each most likely to be used? 2. Why is competitive pricing risky for marketers? 3.